廣澤尊王遊臺灣：漢人民間信仰神明階序的結構與展演

丁仁傑。〈廣澤尊王遊臺灣：漢人民間信仰神明階序的結構與展演〉。《民俗曲藝》177 (2012.9): 57-116。
Ting Jen-chieh. "When the Reverent Lord of Broad Compassion Takes a Tour of Inspection in Taiwan: Hierarchy of Deities and Its Performance in Han Chinese Folk Religion." Journal of Chinese Ritual, Theatre and Folklore 177 (2012.9): 57-116.

Abstract

本文主旨，在於用實際的例子，並且也是策略性的研究點的選擇，透過一個豐富的案例：「二○○九年間大陸南安詩山鳳山寺廣澤尊王祖廟神尊遊臺巡香」，來考察漢人民間信仰廟會活動中，宗教權威階序的建構與展演層面。表面上看起來，象徵性的神明世界裡，官僚階層的階序性想像確實是存在的，但是在宗教實踐的操作上，繁複操作原理背後深層的內在邏輯，卻不盡然同於此多層次的階序性。本文的目的，即在於用實際的例子，透過一個內涵豐富的案例，來說明有關議題，並建構出較為基本的分析性概念。而本文焦點所在的「『祖廟－子廟』叢結」、「祖廟靈力承接者」、「系譜叢結的自我分化」、「『公眾性』在地理空間網絡上的體現」等面向，都是這一方面初步的討論成果。而本文中的當代案例，除了反映出某些基本元素外，也在元素的展演層面，呈現出與「元素所構成的結構」間的某種分離性，也就是更為活絡的新的展演層面，已出現在當代臺灣廟會活動裡，這種因為時代新因素的出現，如兩岸關係、城市廟宇新生態等，而造成的「結構與展演間辯證性關係」的改變，將會是當代漢人民間活動中愈來愈不可忽略的新變數。


In 2009, Ancestor Temple of the Reverent Lord of Broad Compassion from the Phoenix Mountain Monastery in Mainland China, takes a “tour of inspection” in Taiwan, this is an extraordinary and peculiar chance for us to examine the structure of deities’ hierarchy and its contemporary demonstration. By observing the manifold ways of local temples’ inviting and interacting with the ancestor temple, we can realize the function for hierarchy of deities in Chinese folk religion. Several important concepts: “the complex of ancestor-branch temple,” “mediating transformer between ancestor temple and branch temples,” “self-differentiation within lineage complex,” “publicity embodying in geographical layout,” all are heuristic tools for us to understand the dynamic of Han folk religion. Besides the rather stable structural relations among temples of different levels, nowadays, due to some new elements elicited by cross-islands relation and urban ecology of temple development, there are much more dynamic performances linking to the hierarchical relationship between ancestor temple and its branches.